The wind of advancement has affected the scenario of single desktop screen with the expansion of mobile websites at each nook and corner of the web. Site owners need to have a keen eye on how their work is showcased across various devices. Responsive website design is the ultimate solution to safeguard them from the chances of losing visitors from one device so as to gain visitors from another. RWD offers a perfect compatibility as correspondent to each screen size and devices like for mobile, tablet, iPhone and iPad, along with laptops and desktops.

Running a successful web design company means never standing still, constantly learning about web design and mastering new web technologies as they become available. Lately, you may have heard the term Responsive Web Design thrown around in your marketing meetings. One of the latest buzz words, Responsive Web Design signifies a total paradigm shift in the design process. Similar to the impact that CSS had on the web design world, Responsive Web Design will alter the way we view and use sites. Smart web designers and and companies will quickly become familiar with it and put it into play.

In recent years, the internet has experienced a drastic rise in mobile website traffic. According to research firm Gartner, browser-equipped phones will outnumber traditional computers at some point during the year 2013. And although cellphones are yet to be users primary browsing device, Gartner projects users to make that transition by 2017.

This transition has propelled most companies in-the-know, to build versions of their website dedicated to mobile devices. The internet provides users with plenty of options, and website visitors now expect a positive experience. Oftentimes, elements of a desktop website are misaligned, unavailable, or are simply too small when browsed on a mobile device. This is not a knock on the original design, but visitors quickly translate this poor user experience with a company’s website. And thus the level of service or product-satisfaction they expect to receive.

Why Responsive Web Design?

With an ever-growing number and types of web-enabled devices, web designers must ensure an optimal user experience. Essentially there are two approaches for solving the multiple-devices dilemma.

The traditional method was to create multiple versions of a website, and then serve the appropriate versions based on the type of device being used by the visitor. This approach is relatively simple, as each version of the website exists independently of the others. Due to this separation, changes can be made to each version without affecting the others. However, this freedom comes at a fairly high price. First, designers have to design and build each version of the website. This isn’t just time-consuming for designers, but more expensive for clients. Additionally, as the number and types of devices continues to grow, it is becoming exceedingly difficult to address each one appropriately.

The new and improved approach to tackling the multiple-devices issue is responsive web design. When you boil down the differences between each web-enabled device, the most significant is screen resolution. This method allows for one website to, literally, transform itself based on the device on which it is being rendered.

What is Responsive Web Design

The principles of responsive web design can be understood from a saying that defines“content is like water.” It means that it can take the shape of the device in which it is placed.

Responsive web design is a worthful approach which demands that the design and development of a website must respond to the user’s behavior and environment, as per the platform, screen size and orientation. It employs a fair combination of images, adjustable grids and layouts and a smart use of CSS media queries.

With the release of the CSS3 specification, W3C created media queries which allow us to target various characteristics of the device being used, and conditionally apply certain styles based on those characteristics. Previously, some designers tested Javascript-dependent implementations of resolution-aware layouts. However, the advantage of the current CSS3 technology is that it allows us to look at more than one property in a single query. We are now able to test multiple property values and chain them into one query.

We can now serve different styles based on a set of defined rules. This ability gave rise to Responsive Web Design, as we can now have one website, respond to specific conditions and present itself in a way that promises optimal user experience. Images can be now be re-sized, columns moved and reordered, elements hidden, font-size altered, and more, all on the fly.

As we know, with great power comes great responsibility and this new flexibility is no different. We must now plan ahead and decide how we use fluid grids, flexible images and media queries to allow our layout to be molded with each viewing context.

Why is Responsive Design So Important?

Responsive web design concept is not merely about adjusting screen resolutions and automatic resizable images, but it is a very broad approach about thinking for a design differently. In the recent times, the ultimate solution is to create such design that can work and must respond to the multiple browser versions. You have open doors for testing your website on various devices.

Some Important Credentials of RWD:

• Know Your Audience: RWD is the answer to most of the businesses which helps them in knowing their audiences and the device that they are using.
• A Prompt UX: User experience is the key to RWD and it goes much beyond translating a desktop site into mobile screen. Here, the points to be taken into consideration are user experience, necessary content they are looking for and their interaction.
• Focus on Content: To design the site as per the content is a good habit to follow during responsive designing instead of a specific screen dimension.
• Limited Space Consumption: The mobile view is much more focused as compared to the desktop with limited amount space usage.
• Easy Navigation: The design needs to be flexible enough for a relaxing UX and the complex designs must need to adapt to the simple intuitive UI for small mobile screens.

What Website Dimensions Should be Used ?

We cannot specify a standard website size as there are hundreds of devices available along with plentiful screen resolutions out there. Each user works on the different device as per the usage, like an individual may explore something on your mobile while on the way or may even use the laptop while working on some task in office. So, the best approach here is to design multiple versions as per the different browsers’ widths.

Mobilegeddon: Google’s New Update for Mobile-friendly Sites

Responsive web design is an important aspect for the mobile traffic. For this, Google announced an important update Mobilegeddon on 21 April 2015. Each business of varying size will catch Google’s attention if their site follows friendliness with the mobile devices. This approach is followed by keeping in mind the fact that the mobile device users are increasing at a rapid rate and to keep them in reach, it is crucial to have mobile friendly web pages for offering a sound user experience.

Elements of RWD

An RWD site adapts the layout to the viewing environment via using fluid, flexible images, proportion-based grids, and CSS3 media queries (an extension of the @media rule) in the following ways:

• The Fluid Grid concept allows page element sizing in relative units such as percentages, instead of absolute units i.e pixels or points.
• Flexible images also follow sizing in relative units so that they can be prevented from showcasing outside the containing element.

Media queries enables a page to use different CSS style rules in accordance with the features of the device on which a website is being displayed, like the width of the browser.

Fluid Grids

They follow percentage values instead of set pixels while designing a website. After following this concept, the elements in the mobile screen layout will be resized in relation to each other. It tends to render content in the same order as it appears in the DOM, and it prompts reflow of content during its resizing. Fluid layouts also counts for relative resizing of both content and containers which allows the text and content to be enlarged and shift other content automatically at the bottom of the page.

Media Queries

It is the code which has been implemented to a website while it is being made, to set the conditions in a design that will adapt to the screen size. Media queries are used to provide different CSS as per the device properties.
Like for say, specifically for iPad, there is a unique media query property known as orientation. The values vary for landscape and portrait.

@media screen and (orientation: landscape) {
.iPadLandscape {
width: 30%;
float: right;
}
}

@media screen and (orientation: portrait) {
.iPadPortrait {
clear: both;
}
}

Google’s Resizer

It is a useful approach to preview your website with ease on multiple devices. Resizer is made to simply test the viewability of a website. It can be understood as a tool to check the responsiveness of the website by changing the dimensions of a web page. Being a browser based tool, you have with you a series of predefined icons, once it has been activated.

Flexible Images

Images with utmost flexibility are really important for designing a responsive website.
There are several points to consider including image scaling, how will it appear on different devices including large desktop, tablet and a small mobile screen. The code Images are allowed to scale with the code through a percentage value to the width of the browser window.

Image resizing can be efficiently incorporated with the below code-

<meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width; initial-scale=1.0″>

Inspiration

As with any design project, find other websites that execute responsive web design in creative ways.

This can be as simple as thinking about the following questions:

• Which websites or apps you frequently use on your mobile phone or other portable devices?
• Why do you prefer one site over others that might provide similar services?
• Do you prefer their mobile experience or desktop experience?

Finding answers to these questions can help you find pain points that you may have never noticed during your everyday browsing.

The future of responsive design for mobile

We now know that Google is requiring the following optimized elements for an effective mobile-friendly user experience:

• Text that is at a readable size, without the need for zooming
• Content which fits a device’s screen, without the need for horizontal scrolling
• Links & buttons which are adequately spaced out, so that tapping is not difficult
• Reasonable load times for pages
• No use of Flash!

The rise in mobile devices is only the beginning of a shift to more convenient web usage. As wearables such as smart watches become more popular, it’s necessary to make sure your website can be viewed anywhere by your users on any device.